| Species | Fish |
|---|---|
| Origin | Lake Malawi, Africa |
| Size Category | Medium |
| Category | Fish |
| Original Purpose | Ornamental |
| Body Length | 7–15 cm |
|---|---|
| Lifespan | 4–10 years |
| Senior Age Threshold | 7 years |
| Exercise Needs | Intermediate care level |
|---|---|
| Grooming | Herbivore |
| Annual Exam Focus | Compatible: Other Mbuna species of similar size and aggression, Synodontis catfish (e.g., Cuckoo catfish) |
| Routine Care | Incompatible: South American cichlids, peaceful community fish, small tetras, slow-moving fish, non-Mbuna African cichlids (Haps and Peacocks generally not recommended for beginners to mix) |
| Condition | Onset Stage | Risk | Hereditary | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malawi Bloat | adult | high | No | N/A |
| Cotton Wool Disease | adult | medium | No | N/A |
| Hole in the Head (HITH) | adult | high | No | N/A |
| Ich (White Spot Disease) | adult | medium | No | N/A |
| CHIC Required Tests | Easy, maternal mouthbrooders |
|---|---|
| Recommended DNA Tests | Pseudotropheus spp., Melanochromis spp., Labidochromis spp., Metriaclima spp. |
| Water Temperature | 23-28°C |
|---|---|
| pH Range | pH 7.5-8.5 |
| Water Type & Tank | Freshwater, Min tank: 180L |
| Diet | Herbivore |
| Common Issues | Difficulty: Intermediate. Temperament: Aggressive, territorial |
| Locomotion | Territorial defense, rock dwelling, algae grazing, digging in substrate, chasing, lip locking, hiding in caves |
|---|---|
| Social | Aggressive, territorial |
| Stress/Displacement | Loss of color, hiding, fin clamping, rapid breathing, lethargy, erratic swimming, loss of buoyancy control |
| AI-Trainable Signals | Color changes (brightening/darkening), rapid swimming, hiding in caves, fin clamping, lip locking, chasing, rapid gill movement |
|---|---|
| Context-Dependent Vocalizations | Loss of color, hiding, fin clamping, rapid breathing, lethargy, erratic swimming, loss of buoyancy control |
| Interspecies Communication | Water type: Freshwater, pH: 7.5-8.5 |