| Species | Dog |
|---|---|
| Origin | United States |
| Size Category | Medium |
| Category | Dog |
| Original Purpose | Farm dog, companion, bull baiting |
| Weight Range | 18–32 kg |
|---|---|
| Height Range | 43–48 cm |
| Lifespan | 12–16 years |
| Juvenile Stage Ends | 12 months |
| Senior Age Threshold | 8 years |
| Exercise Needs | 60-90 min/day, brisk walking, running, and mental stimulation |
|---|---|
| Grooming | Weekly brushing, occasional bathing |
| Annual Exam Focus | Cardiac evaluation, joint assessment, skin check, thyroid screening |
| Condition | Onset Stage | Risk | Hereditary | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hip Dysplasia | adult | high | Yes | Recommended |
| Cerebellar Ataxia | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Cardiac Disease | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Hypothyroidism | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Atopic Dermatitis | adult | high | Yes | N/A |
| Risk Level | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Ideal BCS | 4/9 |
| Daily Activity | 60 minutes |
| Litter Size | 5–10 |
|---|---|
| Dystocia Risk | Moderate |
| CHIC Required Tests | Hip Dysplasia, Cardiac Evaluation, Thyroid, NCL DNA Test, Eye Examination |
| Neonatal Weight | 250–400 g |
|---|
| Anxiety Proneness | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Top Triggers | Separation, lack of exercise, loud noises |
| Separation Anxiety Risk | Moderate |
| Calming Interventions | Crate training, puzzle toys, structured routine, heavy chew toys |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Risk | Moderate |
| Locomotion | Trotting, sprinting, jumping, pulling |
|---|---|
| Social | Leaning against people, face licking, play bowing, tail wagging |
| Comfort | Sunbathing, stretching, rolling on back |
| Stress/Displacement | Lip licking, yawning, panting, whale eye |
| Breed-Specific | AmStaff smile, strong jaw gripping, terrier shaking of toys |
| Types | Barking, whining, grunting, yodeling |
|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 150-1500 Hz |
| Tendency | Moderate |
| AI-Trainable Signals | Ear position, tail carriage, facial tension, body weight distribution |
|---|---|
| Context-Dependent Vocalizations | High-pitched whine for frustration, low growl for play, grunting for contentment |
| Interspecies Communication | Highly attuned to human facial expressions, intense eye contact with owners |