| Species | Dog |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Size Category | Giant |
| Category | Dog |
| Original Purpose | Driving cattle, guarding property, police and military work |
| Weight Range | 25–43 kg |
|---|---|
| Height Range | 60–70 cm |
| Lifespan | 12–15 years |
| Juvenile Stage Ends | 18 months |
| Senior Age Threshold | 8 years |
| Exercise Needs | 60-120 min/day, brisk walking, jogging, agility, scent tracking, fetch |
|---|---|
| Grooming | Weekly brushing, professional grooming (hand-stripping or clipping) every 6-10 weeks, daily beard cleaning |
| Annual Exam Focus | Hips, elbows, eyes, thyroid function, heart, weight/BCS |
| Condition | Onset Stage | Risk | Hereditary | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hip Dysplasia | puppy | high | Yes | Recommended |
| Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) | puppy | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Hypothyroidism | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (Bloat) | adult | high | Yes | N/A |
| Eye Disease (e.g., Hereditary Cataracts) | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Risk Level | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Ideal BCS | 4/9 |
| Daily Activity | 90 minutes |
| Litter Size | 1–14 |
|---|---|
| Dystocia Risk | Low |
| CHIC Required Tests | Hip Dysplasia, Eye Examination, Thyroid Evaluation, Cardiac Evaluation (recommended), prcd-PRA DNA Test (recommended) |
| Neonatal Weight | 450–900 g |
|---|
| Anxiety Proneness | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Top Triggers | Being left alone (separation), sudden schedule changes, unfamiliar strangers/dogs approaching territory |
| Separation Anxiety Risk | High |
| Calming Interventions | Pheromone diffusers (Adaptil), compression vests (Thundershirt), behavioral modification (desensitization/counter-conditioning), prescription anti-anxiety meds (trazodone/fluoxetine) for severe cases |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Risk | Moderate |
| Locomotion | Brisk walking, trotting, sprinting, jumping, digging |
|---|---|
| Social | Greeting with barking and tail wagging, jumping, playing fetch, leaning on family members |
| Comfort | Resting in crate, leaning against owner, relaxed lying down |
| Stress/Displacement | Pacing, running in circles, excessive salivation, lip licking, stress yawning, destructive chewing |
| Breed-Specific | Guarding posture, territorial patrolling, standing tall with alert ears, leaning into owners |
| Types | Barking, howling, whining, whimpering, yelping, growling, snarling, breathy exhalation (laughing) |
|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 100-2000 Hz |
| Tendency | Moderate |
| AI-Trainable Signals | Ears pinned back, lip licking, stress yawning, pacing, tail tucking, rigid posture, stiff tail wagging |
|---|---|
| Context-Dependent Vocalizations | Barking at strangers (territorial/protective), whining/pacing (separation anxiety), howling (anxiety or pain), growling/snarling (warning/fear) |
| Interspecies Communication | Highly attuned to human body language and routines; uses barking, growling, and body positioning to communicate boundaries or needs to humans and other animals. |