| Species | Dog |
|---|---|
| Origin | Australia |
| Size Category | Medium |
| Category | Dog |
| Original Purpose | Droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain |
| Weight Range | 16–23 kg |
|---|---|
| Height Range | 43–51 cm |
| Lifespan | 12–16 years |
| Juvenile Stage Ends | 12 months |
| Senior Age Threshold | 8 years |
| Exercise Needs | 60-90 min/day, vigorous running, fetch, agility, or herding work |
|---|---|
| Grooming | Daily brushing, professional blowout twice a year during shedding |
| Annual Exam Focus | Ophthalmic exam, orthopedic evaluation (hips/elbows), cardiac auscultation, hearing assessment, dental check |
| Condition | Onset Stage | Risk | Hereditary | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) | adult | high | Yes | Recommended |
| Deafness | puppy | high | Yes | Recommended |
| Hip Dysplasia | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Primary Lens Luxation (PLL) | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Elbow Dysplasia | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Risk Level | High |
|---|---|
| Ideal BCS | 4/9 |
| Daily Activity | 90 minutes |
| Litter Size | 1–7 |
|---|---|
| Dystocia Risk | Moderate |
| CHIC Required Tests | Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, Eye Examination, prcd-PRA DNA Test, Congenital Deafness (BAER), Primary Lens Luxation DNA Test |
| Neonatal Weight | 396–500 g |
|---|
| Anxiety Proneness | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Top Triggers | Separation from owner, lack of physical/mental stimulation, unfamiliar people or dogs |
| Separation Anxiety Risk | High |
| Calming Interventions | Crate training, puzzle toys, vigorous exercise, structured routine, nose work |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Risk | Moderate |
| Locomotion | Running, jogging, quick directional changes, jumping |
|---|---|
| Social | Strong bonding to one person, aloofness with strangers, protective guarding |
| Comfort | Burrowing, resting in crate, sleeping after vigorous activity |
| Stress/Displacement | Destructive chewing, excessive barking, digging, hyperactive behavior, pacing |
| Breed-Specific | Heel nipping, circling, stalking, silent herding approach |
| Types | Barking, high-pitched excited barks, silent staring |
|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 100-65000 Hz |
| Tendency | Low |
| AI-Trainable Signals | Staring/eye contact, nudging objects, circling, stalking posture, ear position changes |
|---|---|
| Context-Dependent Vocalizations | High-pitched barking at specific triggers (e.g. mailman), silent staring for needs, nudging containers for specific treats |
| Interspecies Communication | Silent approach and heel nipping used to move larger livestock (cattle), intense eye contact with humans |