| Species | Dog |
|---|---|
| Origin | Belgium/France |
| Size Category | Large |
| Category | Dog |
| Original Purpose | Cattle herding, draught dog, churning dog, guard dog |
| Weight Range | 27–50 kg |
|---|---|
| Height Range | 60–70 cm |
| Lifespan | 10–12 years |
| Juvenile Stage Ends | 24 months |
| Senior Age Threshold | 8 years |
| Exercise Needs | 120 min/day, vigorous walking, running, herding activities, dog sports |
|---|---|
| Grooming | Brushing 1-2 times weekly, beard cleaning weekly, professional grooming every 6-8 weeks |
| Annual Exam Focus | Cardiac evaluation, eye examination, orthopedic check (hips/elbows), thyroid screening, weight assessment |
| Condition | Onset Stage | Risk | Hereditary | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (Bloat) | adult | high | Yes | N/A |
| Hip Dysplasia | adult | high | Yes | Recommended |
| Subaortic Stenosis | puppy | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Glaucoma | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Hypothyroidism | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Risk Level | High |
|---|---|
| Ideal BCS | 5/9 |
| Daily Activity | 120 minutes |
| Litter Size | 5–10 |
|---|---|
| Dystocia Risk | Moderate |
| CHIC Required Tests | Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, Cardiac Evaluation, Eye Examination |
| Neonatal Weight | 400–600 g |
|---|
| Anxiety Proneness | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Top Triggers | Lack of exercise, isolation from family, unfamiliar strangers, lack of mental stimulation |
| Separation Anxiety Risk | Moderate |
| Calming Interventions | Consistent routine, mental stimulation, safe enclosed spaces, positive reinforcement training, desensitization |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Risk | Moderate |
| Locomotion | Trotting, bounding, pacing when alert, agile turning |
|---|---|
| Social | Leaning against owners, aloofness with strangers, protective positioning, gentle with family children |
| Comfort | Resting in cool areas, self-grooming, stretching, seeking physical contact with family |
| Stress/Displacement | Pacing, panting, lip licking, yawning, avoidance |
| Breed-Specific | Herding nips, body blocking, guarding posture, deep-chested stance |
| Types | Barking, growling, whining, grunting |
|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 250-3200 Hz |
| Tendency | Moderate |
| AI-Trainable Signals | Body posture, ear position, tail movement, facial expressions, pacing, panting |
|---|---|
| Context-Dependent Vocalizations | Low-pitched growls for guarding, whines for attention, moderate barking when sensing anomalies |
| Interspecies Communication | Strong herding instinct towards other animals, requires early socialization to prevent chasing smaller pets |