| Species | Dog |
|---|---|
| Origin | Finland |
| Size Category | Medium |
| Category | Dog |
| Original Purpose | Reindeer herding, watchdog |
| Weight Range | 15–24 kg |
|---|---|
| Height Range | 41–53 cm |
| Lifespan | 12–15 years |
| Juvenile Stage Ends | 12 months |
| Senior Age Threshold | 7 years |
| Exercise Needs | 45-60 min/day, brisk walks, hiking, interactive play, agility |
|---|---|
| Grooming | Weekly brushing, daily during seasonal coat blow, professional de-shedding in spring/fall |
| Annual Exam Focus | Eye examination (CAER), joint evaluation (hips/elbows), weight and body condition score, dental health, cardiac auscultation |
| Condition | Onset Stage | Risk | Hereditary | Screening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA-prcd) | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Hip Dysplasia | adult | medium | Yes | Recommended |
| Hereditary Cataracts | adult | low | Yes | Recommended |
| Pompe Disease (GSD II) | puppy | low | Yes | Recommended |
| Elbow Dysplasia | adult | low | Yes | Recommended |
| Risk Level | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Ideal BCS | 4/9 |
| Daily Activity | 60 minutes |
| Litter Size | 2–9 |
|---|---|
| Dystocia Risk | Low |
| CHIC Required Tests | Hip Dysplasia, Eye Examination (CAER), PRA-prcd DNA Test, Pompe Disease DNA Test |
| Neonatal Weight | 400–450 g |
|---|
| Anxiety Proneness | Moderate |
|---|---|
| Top Triggers | Sudden touch from behind, excessive heat, prolonged isolation, loud unexpected noises |
| Separation Anxiety Risk | Moderate |
| Calming Interventions | Provide cool resting areas, mental enrichment puzzles, predictable routine, gentle desensitization to sudden touches, avoid midday heat |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Risk | Moderate |
| Locomotion | Trotting, galloping, sudden bursts of speed, agile turning, bunny-hopping (if hip dysplasia present) |
|---|---|
| Social | Greeting with tail wags, alert barking at strangers, playing fetch/tug, leaning against familiar humans |
| Comfort | Resting in cool areas, stretching out on back, self-grooming, leaning against cool surfaces |
| Stress/Displacement | Heavy panting, pacing, lip licking, spinning, sharp vocalization, avoidance of sudden overhead reaching |
| Breed-Specific | Startle reflex to sudden touch from behind, alert barking at movement, herding nips, snow-digging |
| Types | Alert barking, yipping, talking/grumbling, howling |
|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 500-2000 Hz |
| Tendency | High |
| AI-Trainable Signals | Erect ears position, tail carriage (curled over back vs dropped), panting intensity, pacing, facial tension, lip licking |
|---|---|
| Context-Dependent Vocalizations | Alert barking at strangers/movement, high-pitched yips during herding/play, sharp vocalization when startled from behind |
| Interspecies Communication | Highly responsive to human facial expressions and tone, uses alert barking to signal humans about environmental changes, strong eye contact during training |