GI Stasis

Gastrointestinal stasis is a potentially life-threatening condition in rabbits and other hindgut fermenters where normal gut motility slows or stops. The condition disrupts the delicate balance of cecal microflora, leading to gas accumulation, bacterial overgrowth, toxin production, and hepatic lipidosis. It is one of the most common emergencies in pet rabbits.

Symptoms & Signs

• Decreased or absent fecal output
• Small, dry, or misshapen droppings
• Loss of appetite (especially hay refusal)
• Abdominal distension
• Teeth grinding (pain indicator)
• Hunched posture
• Lethargy
• Hypothermia in severe cases

Causes & Risk Factors

Insufficient dietary fiber (inadequate hay intake), stress, pain from any source (dental disease, urinary stones), dehydration, sudden diet changes, lack of exercise, post-anesthetic ileus, and environmental stressors. Often secondary to another underlying condition.

Diagnosis

Clinical history and physical examination (gas-filled loops on palpation). Abdominal radiographs showing gas distension and food material accumulation. Blood work to assess hydration, liver values, and glucose. Identification of underlying cause.

Treatment

Aggressive fluid therapy (subcutaneous or IV), gut motility agents (metoclopramide, cisapride), pain management (meloxicam, buprenorphine), simethicone for gas, syringe feeding of critical care formula, gentle abdominal massage, and encouraging movement.

Prevention

Diet of 80%+ unlimited grass hay, limited pellets, fresh greens. Adequate hydration. Regular exercise. Minimizing stress. Prompt treatment of dental disease and other pain sources. Gradual diet transitions.

Prognosis

Good if caught early and treated aggressively. Severe cases with hepatic lipidosis or complete obstruction carry a guarded prognosis. Prevention through proper husbandry is far more effective than treatment.

Affected Breeds (5)

Related Conditions

• Dental Malocclusion
• Hepatic Lipidosis
• Intestinal Obstruction